Canterbury Tales By Chaucer (3517 words) Essay Example For Students

Canterbury Tales By Chaucer (3517 words) Essay Canterbury Tales By ChaucerBy far Chaucers most popular work, although he might have preferred to havebeen remembered by Troilus and Criseyde, the Canterbury Tales was unfinished athis death. No less than fifty-six surviving manuscripts contain, or oncecontained, the full text. More than twenty others contain some parts or anindividual tale. The work begins with a General Prologue in which the narratorarrives at the Tabard Inn in Southwark, and meets other pilgrims there, whom hedescribes. In the second part of the General Prologue the inn-keeper proposesthat each of the pilgrims tell stories along the road to Canterbury, two each onthe way there, two more on the return journey, and that the best story earn thewinner a free supper. Since there are some thirty pilgrims, this would havegiven a collection of well over a hundred tales, but in fact there are onlytwenty-four tales, and some of these are incomplete. Between tales, and at timeseven during a tale, the pilgrimage framework is introduced with some kind ofexchange, often acrimonious, between pilgrims. In a number of cases, there is alonger Prologue before a tale begins, the Wife of Baths Prologue and thePardoners Prologue being the most remarkable examples of this. At Chaucersdeath, the various sections of the Canterbury Tales that he was preparing hadnot been brought together in a linked whole. His friends seem to have tried asbest they could to prepare a coherent edition of what was there, adding somemore linkages when they thought it necessary. The resulting manuscriptstherefore offer slight differences in the order of tales, and in some of theframework links. The tales are usually found in linked groups known asFragments. The customary grouping and ordering of the tales is as follows (thecommonly accepted abbreviation for each Tale is noted in parentheses): FragmentI (A) Â Â Â General Prologue (GP), Knight (KnT),Miller (MilT), Reeve (RvT), Cook (CkT). Fragment II (B1) Â Â Â Mano f Law (MLT) Fragment III (D) Â Â Â Wife ofBath (WBT), Friar (FrT), Summoner (SumT). Fragment IV (E) Â Â Â Clerk(ClT), Merchant (MerT). Fragment V (F) Â Â Â Squire(SqT), Franklin (FranT). Fragment VI (C) Â Â Â Physician(PhyT), Pardoner (PardT). Fragment VII (B2) Â Â Â Shipman(ShipT), Prioress (PrT), Chaucer: Sir Thopas (Thop), Melibee (Mel), Monk (MkT),Nuns Priest (NPT). Fragment VIII (G) Â Â Â SecondNun SNT), Canons Yeoman (CYT). Fragment IX (H) Â Â Â Manciple(MancT). Fragment X (I) Â Â Â Parson (ParsT). There is great variety in different manuscripts but I and II, VI and VII, IX andX are almost always found in that order while the tales in IV and V are oftenspread around separately. Modern editions are usually based on one of twomanuscripts, both written by the same scribe: the Hengwrt Manuscript and theEllesmere Manuscript. The former, in the National Library of Wales, is theoldest of all, probably copied directly from Chaucers own disordered papers,but it lacks the Canons Yeomans Tale and the final pages have been lost. Thelatter, now preserved in California, is more complete, and beautifully producedwith illustrations of the different pilgrims beside their Tales, but it showsthe work of an editor who has removed some of the roughness from Chaucerslines. Chaucer offers in the Tales a great variety of literary forms, narrativesof different kinds as well as other texts. The pilgrimage framework enricheseach tale by setting it in relationship with others, but it would be a mistaketo identify the narratorial voice of each tale too strongly with the individualpilgrim who is supposed to be telling it. After the General Prologue, the Talesfollow. The following is a brief outline of the different tales in the orderfound in the Riverside Chaucer, the standard edition. Fragment I The work beginswith a General Prologue in which the narrator (Chaucer?) arrives at the TabardInn in Southwark to set out on a pilgrimage to the shrine of St Thomas Becket atCanterbury, and meets other pilgrims there, whom he describes. In the secondpart of the General Prologue the inn-keeper proposes that each of the pilgrimstell stories along the road to Canterbury, two each on the way there, two moreon the return journey, and that the best story earn the winner a free supper. The Knights Tale: a romance, a condensed version of Boccaccios Teseida, set inancient Athens. It tells of the love of two cousins, Palamon and Arcite, for thebeautiful Emelye; the climax is a mock-battle, a tournament, the winner of whichwill win her; the gods Mars and Venus have both promised success to one of them. Arcite (servant of Mars) wins, but he dies of wounds after his horse has beenfrightened by a fury, and in the end Palamon (servant of Venus) marries Emelye. The tale explores the themes of determinism and freedom in ways reminiscent ofthe use of Boethius for the same purpose in Troilus and Criseyde. The MillersPrologue and Tale: a fabliau (coarse comic tale), about the cuckolding of Johnthe Carpenter by an Oxford student, Nicholas, boarding with him and his wifeAlison; Absolon, a young man from the local church, also tries to woo her, butis tricked into kissing her behind instead of her lips. Nicholas has deceivedJohn into believing that Noahs Flood is about to come again, so John is asleepin a tub hanging high in the roof, ready to float to safety. Meanwhile Alisonand Nicholas are in bed together. The climax of the tale is one of the finestcomic moments in literature, when Absolon burns Nicholass behind with a hotiron, Nicholas calls for water, John hears, thinks the flood has come, cuts therope holding his tub, and crashes to the floor, breaking an arm. Only Alisonescapes unscathed. The narrator offers no morality. The Reeves Prologue andTale: a fabliau about the cuckolding of a miller told by the Reeve (who is acarpenter, and very angry with the Miller for his tale); two Cambridge studentspunish a dishonest miller by having sex with his wife and daughter while asleepall in one room. Again, the end involves violence, as the miller discovers whathas happened but is struck on the head by his wife because his bald pate is allshe can see in the dark. The Cooks Prologue and Tale: only a short fragmentexists. Fragment II The Man of Laws Introduction, Prologue, Tale, and Epilogue:a religious romance about the Roman emperors christian daughter Constance, whogoes to Syria, floats to England, and finally returns to Rome after manyadventures. Fragment III The Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale: in her Prologue,the Wife of Bath tells the story of her five marriages, while contesting theanti-feminist attitudes found in books that she quotes; indirectly, she becomesthe proof of the truth of those books. Her Tale is a Breton Lay a bout a knightwho rapes a girl, is obliged as punishment to find out what women most desire,learns from an old hag that the answer is mastery over theirhusbands and then has to marry her. She is a loathly lady butsuddenly becomes beautiful when he gives her mastery over him after receiving along lesson on the nature of true nobility. The tale is related to the ideas theWife of Bath expresses in the Prologue, it is also a kind ofwish-fulfillment for a woman no longer quite young. (see below, forGowers version of the same story) The Friars Prologue and Tale: a comic taleabout a summoner (church lawyer) who goes to hell after an old woman curses himfrom her heart. The Summoners Prologue and Tale: a coarse joke told in revengeabout a friar who has to find a method of sharing a fart he has been givenequally among all his fellow-friars. Fragment IV The Clerks Prologue and Tale:a pathetic tale of popular origin, adapted by Chaucer from a French version ofPetrarchs Latin translation of a tal e in Boccaccios Decameron. The unlikelyand terrible story of the uncomplaining Griselda who is made to suffer appallingpain and humiliation by her husband Walter. Griselda is of very humble origin;Walter chooses her like God choosing Israel. Suddenly he turns against her,takes away her children, sends her back home, and years later demands that shehelp welcome the new bride he has decided to marry. Without resisting, sheobeys, and at last finds her rights and children restored to her by Walter whosays he was just testing her! The narrator cannot decide if she is a model wifefor anti-feminists or an image of humanity in the hands of an arbitrary destiny. Ethics In Journalism EssayThis was in turn reprinted three times, before William Thynne publishedChaucers Collected Works in 1532. In the Reformation period, Chaucersreputation as a precursor of the Reform movement was helped by the addition of apro-Reformation Plowmans Tale in a 1542 edition. In 1561, even Lydgates Siegeof Thebes was added. The edition by Thomas Speght in 1598 was the first to offera glossary; his text was revised in 1602 and this version was reprinted severaltimes over the next hundred years, although Chaucer was not really to the tasteof the Augustan readers. The first scholarly edition of the Canterbury Tales waspublished by Thomas Tyrwhitt in 1775. In the last year of his life (1700) JohnDryden wrote a major appreciation of Chaucer, based mainly on his knowledge ofthe General Prologue and certain tales which he had adapted into his own agesstyle: In the first place, as he is the father of English poetry, I hold him inthe same degree of veneration as the Grecia ns held Homer, or the Romans Virgil. He is a perpetual fountain of good sense; learned in all sciences; and,therefore, speaks properly on all subjects. As he knew what to say, so he knowsalso when to leave off; a continence which is practiced by few writers, andscarcely by any of the ancients, excepting Virgil and Horace Chaucer followedNature everywhere, but was never so bold to go beyond her. He must have beena man of a most wonderful comprehensive nature, because, as it has been trulyobserved of him, he has taken into the compass of his Canterbury Tales thevarious manners and humors (as we now call them) of the whole English nation inhis age. Not a single character has escaped him. there is such a variety ofgame springing up before me that I am distracted in my choice, and know notwhich to follow. Tis sufficient to say, according to the proverb, that here isGods plenty. Readingthe Canterbury Tales Each Tale is presented as a separate work which can beread and appreciated in its own right. There are many different classes ofTale ranging from the saints life (SNT) and the theological treatise (ParsT)through romance (KT) to the fabliau (MilT, RvT). By creating the Pilgrimageframework, Chaucer adds an extra dimension to each Tale by attributing it to amore or less distinctly characterized pilgrim. The question of the relationshipbetween each Tale and its fictional pilgrim-teller is much debated. Usually,once a Tale has begun, it continues to the end without further reference to thepilgrimage framework. The interruption of Chaucers Tale about Sir Thopas and ofthe Monks Tale about falls of princes by weary pilgrims, and of the Pardonersfinal salesmans speech by an angry Host, are powerful exceptions. Each Tale hasits own style, which is entirely determined by the kind of work it is, and is inno sense a dramatic style reflecting the individuality of the p roclaimednarrator. The Miller may be drunk, the narratorial voice of the Millers Tale isnot a drunken one. On the other hand, the Miller, we are told, is a churl(line 3182) and he tells a churlish kind of story in terms of morality andrespectability at least, no matter how brilliantly. The Knight is noble and hisTale is a romance of the kind associated with royal courts. There seems usuallyto be this kind of suitability of Tale to teller. However, it must be admittedthat a number of Tales were left by Chaucer without any introductory pilgrimagelink-passage, one sometimes being provided by editors in the 15th century, sothat the attribution of them to a particular pilgrim may not be Chaucers. TheShipmans Tale includes lines in which the pilgrim-narrator refers to himself asa woman. This may indicate that originally this tale about sex and money hadbeen given to the Wife of Bath and that after she was given another tale Chaucernever had time to remove those lines. After the General Pr ologue, the pilgrimscome into their own in brief link-passages which are in many cases full oftension as two or more of the rowdier pilgrims nearly come to blows. Alwayssomeone intervenes to restore order and the next Tale is introduced. Twopilgrims, the Wife of Bath and the Pardoner, are given a far more significantdevelopment. Each of them has a Prologue of considerable length in which theybecome, as it were, the subject of their own self-telling. Each of thesePrologues is rooted in traditions of satire but goes far beyond them inestablishing a composite portrayal of a dynamic individual in dramaticmonologue. The most important function of the pilgrimage framework, however, isthe question it leaves hovering over each of the Tales as it is told: Is thisTale the best Tale? The Hosts proposal of a contest invites the reader to judgeall the Tales but at the same time requires the reader to reflect on thecriteria by which the Tales are to be judged. What is the purpose oftale-telling, indeed of all discourse? Sentence or solas? Wisdom or pleasure?The value of a tale becomes more and more related to the value of life, and theParson is not simply a kill-joy when he declares: Thou getest fable noon ytooldfor me (you get no fable told by me) and instead offers a treatise on sin andsalvation. Chaucer leads the reader to the point where the ability of anyfictional tale to tell the truth is challenged, though not necessarily asradically denied as the Parson would wish. The Parson himself is a fictionalcharacter, after all, a part of a Tale. The reader is at each moment invited toread the Tales in such a way as not to eliminate any of these dimensions.

The Main Purpose of The Assignment

Question: What is the main purpose ofThe main purpose of the assignment. Answer: The main purpose of the assignment is to conduct strategic management analysis on Apple Inc. Apple Inc. is one of the technology companies that designs, produces as well as sell goods of Mobile phone industries and Computer. Apple Inc. is differentiating by its product brand-perception as well as identification. From the last couple of years, Apple considers as cult-brand thank iLife, QuickTime and iMac Lines. This particular company has short-term goals as well as increased sales for launching iPad. Apple mainly aims at reaching the number one leader in the upcoming financial year. Apple Inc. has included wide variety of features that are exclusive as well as well-known in the recent world. It is considered that Apple Inc Products has several appealing features like iMac, iPhone as well as iPad. Apple products represents revolutionary era for reaching next developmental era for technology advancement. Apple Inc. was successful in attracting potential customers in given way or other. High advanced technology, sense of luxury as well as simplicity and design as the main features of Apple Inc products. Apple products provide comfort as well as convenience to the potential customer base. The selected company for this assignment is Apple Inc because it is unique, simple as well as comfortable picture. Apple has successfully shaped its marketplace over existence. Apple motto is Think Differently. Introduction This study deals with strategic management of Apple Inc with relevant facts from recent market scenario. Apple Inc is an American international association that is situated at California in the middle of Silicon Valley (Apple 2016). Apple Inc. focuses on conniving as well as developing personal computer and other related software goods and electronic goods like MP3 players and iPods. Main products of Apple Inc. are iMac, iPhone as well as iPod and other latest advanced products. This particular company was founded in the year 1976 and leading the way for innovation of new products and encountered difficulties at the same time. Apple Inc. produces first ever-successful individual processor (Ward and Peppard 2016). Apple has been forefront for innovating new products as well as struggled hard in maintaining hold on marketplace share in manufactured goods line. At later stage, Apple Inc. transformed its picture from creative mainframe manufacturer to full-fledged consumer electronic com pany. Some financial facts of Apple Company are sales at $13.95 billion in the year 2005. Apple iPods model controls over 70% of hard drive in the MP3 player market (Apple 2016). This particular company enjoy principal market divide up especially in phone marketplace. Apple Inc. unveils its first phone on 9th of January 2007. Strategic Purpose Assessing Strategic purpose of the organization Mission Apple plan Macs is the excellent personal computer in the planet down with other OS X, iWork as well as iLife and expert software. Apple occupies the topmost position in the digital music rebellion by means of iPods and iTunes online stockpile (Rothaermel 2015). Vision Statement of Apple Man is the creator of change in this world. As such he should be above systems and structures, and not subordinate to them. Explanation of Apple vision Apples live this idea with the advancement of technology as it develops customers as well as business. It mainly struggle innovative ways for making customers masters of the product at the time of purchase Apple does not believe in simply making vision statement. Rather, it lives by ensure its workers for understanding the idea as well as strives best in reaching at the same time (Rosenbaum-Elliott et al. 2015). It place system in position for enabling soft client communication. Apple has place objectives for moving forward inside continuous form in making better financial as well as operational structures in applied strategies. Values Apple values include qualities, standards as well as customs and other principles for success of employees in an organization (Apple 2016). Some of the values governing Apple business conduct are as follows: Innovation or Vision Positive Social Contribution Aggressiveness or Achievement Empathy for customers or users Individual Reward Team Spirit Individual Performance Good Management Quality or Excellence Critically examine relationship and compatibility between strategic statement and functional objectives of Apple On critical analysis, it is noticed that Apple Inc has positive relationship between strategic statement and its functional objectives in the most appropriate way. External Analysis PESTEL Analysis Political Factors As affirmed by Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes (2015), Apple Inc. obtains 52% of its commerce exterior US in the year 2007. Apple Inc. faced problems due to bad international relations and lead to wars as well as terrorism largely. Apple Inc. produces wide variety of part and goods outside US like Ireland, Korea as well as Czech Republic and Cork. Due to bad following relation between US and additional world, it leads to terrible outcome for Apple Inc. Economic Factors According to Lee (2016), worldwide financial crisis has enormous impact in the operations of Apple Inc. Inflation rates are high and there is rise of unemployment. Apple Inc. products falls under luxury products as well as customers started spending less on them. There were continuous fluctuations in US Dollar prices and leads to bad impact on Apple Inc. products. Therefore, Apple Inc. had to purchase itself foreign currencies as well as economic effects on company were minimized largely. At the end, revenue of Apple Inc. increased largely in the global market. Social Factors Apple Inc. has major two factors like quality as well as designs of the products. Globalization plays major role in favor of Apple products. It was hard for the world to imagine life without gadgets (Lasserre 2012). Therefore, Apple products marked huge presence especially in international market. Purchasing power of individuals rises in certain markets in and across the world in case of luxury products like iPhone, iPad and iPods. Technological Factors Apple Inc. invests mainly in manufactured goods explore as well as developmental field. Apple products are given highest priority and have innovative products ranking. With the advancement of technology, markets are becoming more gigantic for added competition and direct technological change at the same time (Ketchen, Ireland and Baker 2013). It concerns directly with product life cycle and takes advantage in introducing newer products in global markets. Legal Factors Nokia has file lawsuits alongside Apple Inc. They claimed breach of 13 extra; patent like iPhone, iPad and iPod handle. In China, Apple Inc, fights huge battle intended for getting its rights to iPad brand. Threats and opportunities in gaining competitive advantage Threats of Apple Inc Apple Inc. competitors include companies like Dell, HP as well as Toshiba and Sony. One of the threats involves customers who start downloading music free of charge in its place of purchase at iTunes. Merchandise expensiveness considers as risk to products and acts for substitute at lower prices (Apple 2016). Long permanent depression proves to be threat to goods. Windows 7 software gains more marketplace presence following vista flop. Technology is change every single day and this proves major threat to Apple Inc. Opportunities of Apple Inc Opportunities affect present and future condition of a particular business organization. Apple Inc. opportunities introduce additional PC virus on which Apple Inc capitalizes lying on certain way. Other opening of Apple Inc. has grown at rapid pace as well as open front for new markets and purchase authority of common person. Online sales of an organization are increasing as well as rise in past few years (Hubbard, Rice and Galvin 2014). Products like iPhone aims at creating fresh set of probable clientele and targets youthful people who are crazy for fresh knowledge widget. Apple capabilities for competitive advantage Apple has unique capabilities in gaining competitive advantage for having threshold capabilities. Unique resources are those resources that are critically underpinning completive advantage over other in imitating other products (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2012). Core competencies are those activities as well as process through which resources deployed in achieving competitive advantage for future analysis purpose. Porters five forces analysis of Apple Inc. Porter Five force Model is one of the influential tools that appreciate the core of authority in commerce and corporation. Figure: Porters five-force model (Source: Created by Author) Bargaining power of suppliers Apple Inc. has few suppliers who have the benefit to use their benefits. This particular company has pressure from music labels in case of increase costs. Apple Inc. has high cash reserves as well as lock in suppliers. Bargaining power of buyers In case of Apple fanatics, Apple Inc. has low bargaining power. General buyers of Apple Inc. have high bargaining power. Threat of substitute products Apple Inc. has high threat from substitute products. E-book readers include kindle, Nook as well as Fire. There is group of alternate model all through the handset like PC, Tablet Industry. Substitutes inside Apples goods variety from making choice of the customers difficult as far as possible Threat of new entrants In this case, new entrants threats includes manufacturers of phones like Pc and existing competitors in developing new products to match Apple. Rivalry amongst sellers Apple Inc. faces very high rivalry amongst sellers. Apple is in multiple industries with multiple competitors as well as has fierce battle. Internal Analysis Strategic Capabilities VRIO Framework of Apple Inc Resources and Competencies Value Rarity Imitability Organization Competitive Advantage Simplicity Yes No Yes Yes Parity Software Yes No No No Parity Brand Name Yes Yes Yes Yes Sustained Hardware Yes No No Yes Temporary Identification of strategic capabilities Unique design capability Apple came with exclusive user line design in way of bearing in mind screen, touch pad as well as series and other improved functionality in goods. Apple exceptional plan includes products like iPod, iMac as well as iPhone. Analyzing business functions of Apple Innovation capability Apple mainly focuses on competitive strategy in terms of innovation activities due to competitive pressure. It mainly combines technological knowledge with new idea for selling online music at the same time. Apple came out with revolutionary iPod music player as well as iTunes in the entire music industry. Apple aims at continuing with designing of innovative products like easy for using desktop computers. Addition to that, it includes products like iPhone and iPad for maintaining reputation with customers. Apple invests little time for research as well as development in comparison with other competitors. Apple spends around 3.7 percent of its total revenue on research and developmental activities (Harrison and John 2013). Founder and CEO of Apple named, as Steve Job does not believe that innovation has anything to do with spending lot of money in research and development. It mainly depends upon the knowledge of people working for the business organization. He believes that focusing on existing products as well as services considers as one of the core competitive strategy of Apple Inc. Innovation of new product design evolves with exceptional elegant easy for using in case of customer experience. Basis of Competitive Strategy Apple Inc is taking 93% of the profits in Smartphone industry in the recent world. Apple Inc. is the only company that makes money from smart phones. In each of the quarter, analysts look at the profit state of smart phone companies. Apple records 93% of industry profits. Apple is the leader in the smart phone industry in comparison with its competitors. Apple sold more than 74.5 million iPhones in the last quarter. It generates $12.6 to $13.5 billion profits (Dobbin and Baum 2014). Apple has strong brand name as well as highly recognized in the individual computer industry and consumer electronic industry. This particular company product strategy is to create innovative product design as well as connection with existing customer base. Apple brand personality focus mainly on simplicity as well as removal of complexity from lives of people. It gives rise to people driven products for high quality services. Popular innovative creation of Apple includes iMac, iPod, and OS X operating system. Figure: Smartphone brands for the year 2011 and 2012 sales (Source: Carroll, Primo and Richter 2016) Apple brand value arrives at $21143 billion in the year 2010 and fastest growing in and around the world. This particular brand considers as symbol for technological modernity as well as uses for competing with high competitive market (Barney and Hesterly 2015). Apple Inc. has powerful brand image considers as unique competence for gaining competitive advantage by gaining customer loyalty. Strategic choice and Strategy Evaluation Ansoff Matrix Penetration Penetration comes under matrix for existing products in existing market. In this matrix, Apple Inc. sells more Apple products to existing customer base. Attracting clientele from competitors with innovative as well as better features at inferior prices and increased services For instance, iPhone- Apple releases new as well as upgrade description of iPhone for each 12 months. New facilities comprise improved camera, better sharper screen as well as closer processor and faster internet connections. Product Development Product Development comes under the matrix new products in existing market. Apple Inc. aims at rising new goods for clientele who are already loyal to the brand. This mainly entails added product expansion costs as well as eliminated cost of new customers acquisition at the same time. For instance, iPod Shuffle- Apple free iPod mix up especially for the accessible iPod clientele as an optional device intended for going anywhere. This product was designed because of small wearable as well as rugged for the times in place of fragile iPod or iPhone. Market Development Market Development comes under the matrix with existing products in new market. Apple Inc. introduces existing products as well as services for complete original market or section. This includes new area as well as state and demographic collection. For instance, iPod Touch- This particular product is the replica of iPhone. iPod Touch does not have call making facilities and do not have cell phone carriers controlling over iPhone. Diversification Diversification means new products in new markets. Apple Inc. enters new market with complete new offerings. This mainly entails significant costs as well as risk for extreme rewarding analysis. For instance, iTunes- At the time of launching iTunes and iPod, Apple Inc. targets diverse collection of customers from accessible client base especially to computer enthusiast. It mainly entered into music industry in dangerous as well as gainful way (Al-Aali and Teece 2013). Selecting options from Ansoff Matrix and assessing level of: Suitability- Apple Inc. has suitable products that help the company in sustaining in the global marketplace as well as fighting against with competitors. Acceptability- Apple Inc. has acceptability power and open for innovation activities as far as possible. Feasibility- Apple Inc. has certain feasible options and produces products according to the potential customer base. Apple products are premium-based and status symbol products (Barney and Hesterly 2014). People are ready to pay any price for the purchase of the Apple products. Conclusion and Recommendations Conclusion At the end of the study, it is completed that planned management study at Apple Inc is never easy to compete with other competitors. It requires lot of investment for research as well as development activities and proactive in competing with other competitors of industry. Apple Inc. is working hard in retaining the topmost position from the last couple of years. This particular company needs drastic change at the same time. They should not wait for populace for buying their goods when they are on trade. Apple Inc. should rather focus mainly on customer support as well as improve in areas that have problems previously. Recommendations From the above analysis, it is required in conducting detailed investigation on the overall strategic issues faced by Apple Inc. Strategic issues of Apple Cloud Services Internet Services Social Apple outside acquisitions Apple Inc. is advisable to make most of their strength by way of using product differentiation strategies. This company should make use of its brand name as well as image for retaining the market leader position as far as possible. Apple Inc should make use of manufacturing attributes in hardware as well as software for future analysis purpose. This company should address in diversified markets. Apple Inc should find ways in reducing the weakness and attainment of future goals and objectives. Apple operating performance affects greatly by economic as well as political uncertainty in United States. Another weakness that should be addressed by Apple Inc is research and development costs higher than its closest competitors do. Apple Inc should capitalize its opportunities by taking advantage of its operating system as well as pursuit in music industry. Apple Inc. should manage with their threats by competing with its closest competitors in terms of design, manufacturing as well as sales in aggressive terms. This particular company should check on Microsoft dominance and competitor copying programs at the same time. Addition to that, Apple Inc. should manage with software piracy and increased global competition at the same time. Approach 1 It is advisable to Apple for opening six computer retail stores. Apple has recently opened stores in United States having peripheral as well as accessories for computers. It adds hardware for generating awareness as well as usage in established locations. It will help in increased product accessibility for accessories and increased awareness on Apple products. There is 2 percent increased in the after that 2 years by sales council in case of processor hardware. Approach 2 It is advisable in the direction of contract music spokesperson for attracting upcoming generation who attends high school as well as college. It should invoke sense of style as well as connecting apple with certain characteristic and unforgettable top 10 hit. This will help in staying in the minds of customers and aware great influences on future purchase decisions. It should contract one music representative estimating $ 6 million. Approach 3 It is recommended toward Apple Inc. intended for adding more features in the present products for better Wintel compatibility. Features such as iTune software compatibility by means of window base computers. In the year 2003, Apple unconfined iTune software tie together. It will help in increased market share in United States at least 30 percent for the next 3 years. Apple Inc. should invest money for research and development estimating around $ 50 million. Reference List Al-Aali, A.Y. and Teece, D.J., 2013. Towards the (strategic) management of intellectual property. California management review, 55(4), pp.15-30. Apple. (2016).Apple. [online] Available at:https://www.apple.com[Accessed6 Aug. 2016]. Barney, J.B. and Hesterly, W., 2014. Strategic management and competitive advantage concepts and cases. Pearson. Barney, J.B. and Hesterly, W., 2015. Strategic management and competitive advantage concepts and cases. Pearson. Carroll, R.J., Primo, D.M. and Richter, B.K., 2016. Using item response theory to improve measurement in strategic management research: An application to corporate social responsibility. Strategic Management Journal, 37(1), pp.66-85. Dess, G.G., Lumpkin, G.T. and Eisner, A.B., 2014. Strategic Management: Text and Cases. Dobbin, F. and Baum, J.A., 2014. Introduction: Economics meets sociology in strategic management. Advances in strategic management, 17. Fisher III, W.W. and Oberholzer-Gee, F., 2013. Strategic management of intellectual property. California management review, 55(4), pp.157-183. Harrison, J.S. and John, C.H.S., 2013. Foundations in strategic management. Cengage Learning. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014. Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R.E., 2012. Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Hubbard, G., Rice, J. and Galvin, P., 2014. Strategic management. Pearson Australia. Kapferer, J.N., 2012. The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. Kogan page publishers. Ketchen, D.J., Ireland, R.D. and Baker, L.T., 2013. The use of archival proxies in strategic management studies castles made of sand?. Organizational Research Methods, 16(1), pp.32-42. Lasserre, P., 2012. Global strategic management. Palgrave Macmillan. Lee, K. ed., 2016. Strategic Winery Tourism and Management: Building Competitive Winery Tourism and Winery Management Strategy. CRC Press. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H. and Zentes, J., 2015. Strategic international management. Springer. Rosenbaum-Elliott, R., Percy, L., Elliott, R.H. and Pervan, S., 2015. Strategic brand management. Oxford University Press, USA. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015. Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016. The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons.

How to Write a White Like Me the Movie Sample Essay

How to Write a White Like Me the Movie Sample EssaySome students may find themselves unfamiliar with sample essays and they wonder if the advice they will receive on how to write a white like me the movie sample essay is suitable for their needs. The best advice here would be to avoid the essay that doesn't work.When you start with your white like me the movie sample essay, you are essentially telling the reader what you are going to say. You don't have to do research and try to incorporate all your ideas into one paragraph. It will probably be easier for you to write it as a paragraph instead.It's okay to provide your own personal point of view, but it would be best to add another paragraph at the end of the essay. Add your example and your main point and then provide the definition of your topic.Here is a good example to help you out. You are trying to inform a writer about a contest being held for an important cause. And the writer wants to know how the contest works.The best way to write this essay is to introduce your writer and explain what you want to write. At the same time, give your reader a review of the first paragraph of the essay. Write a few sentences here that summarize the definition of the essay topic and what you hope the reader to learn from your white like me the movie sample essay.Then you can move on to the next paragraph and write some additional information. You don't have to worry about your writing style as much as what you are trying to convey in your essay.You can find all of these tips and more when you review a sample essay. Just remember that this isn't the only essay that you will ever write.

Saudi Arabian Culture

Table of Contents Introduction Family, Marriage, and Children Norms, Religion, and Education Superstitions, Taboos, and Gestures Important Events in History Conclusion References Introduction Across the world, different countries have different cultures depending on racial and ethnic composition of citizens. Countries that have diverse races or ethnicities appear to have diverse cultures, while countries that have one race or ethnicity have common culture. Normally, the culture of a given population comprises of several elements of culture. Andersen and Taylor (2011) assert that elements of culture are norms, beliefs, values, and language, which comprise of material and immaterial things.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Saudi Arabian Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In essence, culture consists of concrete and abstract elements that shape human and societal behaviors across all ages. Since different c ountries have different cultures due to their racial and ethnic differences, people exhibit unique behaviors that reflect their respective norms, beliefs, values, and languages. Owing to globalization and increased intercultural interaction, people need to learn about other cultures. Learning other cultures is necessary because it enhances intercultural communication, which plays an important role in promoting economic, social, and political aspects of a country. In this view, by having common norms, beliefs, values, and languages, people can easily interact and perform businesses without undue cultural restrictions. Therefore, this essay examines elements of the Saudi Arabian culture with the objective of helping visitors to enjoy their stay in Saudi Arabia. Family, Marriage, and Children Family and marriage are central in the Saudi Arabian culture because they signify the procreative ability of the society. In Saudi Arabia, family is a crucial social institution because it enhance s the social status of an individual. The family provides an opportunity for parents to take care of their children and create businesses for the benefit of the family and society. The Saudi Arabian family has patriarchal structure, which makes husband the head the family with great responsibilities of protecting and providing for the family. Owing to the patriarchal structure, the family assumes the identity of the father. In this case, Sharia law (Islamic law) makes the father to be the custodian of the children when they are still young. According to Bowen (2008), Sharia law favors men because â€Å"in case of divorce, they receive custody of all children; boys at the age of seven and girls at the age of nine† (p. 11). This means that Saudi Arabian culture gives men the right to be custodians of children in the event of separation or divorce. Therefore, a foreign woman needs to know the state of family law in Saudi Arabia before marrying a Saudi Arabian man. In Saudi Arabi a, marriage is a civil contract where a husband pays dowry in the presence of family witnesses who sign marriage agreement. The aged family members have the responsibility of discussing marriage issues and signing the marriage agreement. Bowen (2008) states that, â€Å"marriage in Saudi Arabia is contractual, with rights and obligations established by means of a formal prenuptial agreement† (p. 11).Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Throughout the marriage period, wives are subject to their respective husbands who have absolute authority over what they do. Before marriage, fathers or male relatives dictate what women do in terms of work, education, and behavior, while husbands take over the role when they marry them. In the society, the responsibilities of women lie within the family, while the responsibilities of men lie in the public realm. Women have powers in making de cisions regarding household duties and upbringing of children. Moreover, Sharia law allows men to marry up to four wives provided they treat them equally. Hence, foreigners need to understand that women in Saudi Arabia are under absolute authority of men and that polygamy is legal. Norms, Religion, and Education Saudi Arabia is a country in the Middle East that exhibit cultural homogeneity as the citizens have a common culture. Cultural homogeneity is evident as Arabic is an official language and people believe in one religion of Sunni Islam. Additionally, Saudi Arabian monarchy is a political culture that supports homogeneity of the Saudi Arabian culture in the Middle East. The Saudi Arabians, therefore, share cultural elements that define their norms, beliefs, customs, traditions, superstitions, taboos, and language. Cultural elements of the Saudi Arabian culture are familiar in the Arab countries. Transfer of cultural elements from one generation to another depends on beliefs and norms govern families. In Saudi Arabia, beliefs and values that shape the culture of Saudi Arabians emanate from families and social structures. Norris and Inglehart (2012) argue that theories of multiculturalism envisage that people â€Å"acquire deep-rooted and enduring social norms and cultural values through the process of childhood socialization within the family, local community, and country† (p. 235). Thus, family and social structures of the Saudi Arabian culture have significant impact on beliefs, norms, and values of the people. Sunni Islam is a dominant religion in Saudi Arabia as it dictates the culture of people. Beliefs, norms, and values that Saudi Arabians uphold mirror Islamic teachings that are in the Quran and Sharia law. For example, the Quran teaches Muslims to dress in a decent and modest manner to discourage sexual temptations (Aziz, 2010). The dress code of Muslims in Saudi Arabia aims at concealing rather than revealing sensitive areas of the body th at the culture considers private. Unlike in the United States where people have freedom of dressing so long as the dress code is not explicit. Since legislations support the dress code, everyone in Saudi Arabia including foreigners must dress decently. While men wear white caps (taiga) and robe (throbe), women wear cloak (abayah) and head scarf.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Saudi Arabian Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the Saudi Arabian culture, foreign men must put on long trousers that loosely fit and dress in shirts that cover upper part of the body well. The culture also dictates women to dress in long skirts, which fit loosely with hem covering the knees. In this view, foreigners need to understand how to dress lest they violate dress code that the Saudi Arabian culture and legislations stipulate. Saudi Arabia has integrated Islamic religion into its education system. The government of Saudi Arabia has made basic education compulsory, and thus many students have been able to pursue their education. Through education, students study theology and cultural studies, which have enabled Islamic monarchy to thrive in Saudi Arabia (Hefner, Zaman, 2010). Though men have higher literacy levels than women, current statistics indicate that Saudi Arabia has the highest number of graduates in the Middle East (Sabry, 2012). Despite the fact that the official language is Arabic, the education system of Saudi Arabia provides quality education. Superstitions, Taboos, and Gestures Islamic religion, which shapes Saudi Arabian culture, has numerous superstitions that revolve around many issues that affect humanity. For example, Sikhism (2013) states that, â€Å"if a fly falls on your food, take it and immerse it once more because according to the prophet Mohammed, the fly carries the medicine on one wing to counter the disease it carries on the other wing† (para. 1). Such superstition portrays a different way of how Muslims deal with flies when compared to other cultures. Another superstition is that when Satan urinates into ears, a person sleeps until sunrise (Sikhism, 2013). The superstition encourages people to wake up early so that they do not appear as if Satan has urinated on their ears. In addition to superstitions, the Saudi Arabian culture has some taboos. For instance, pointing at a person using a heel, toe, or any part of the foot is offensive in the Saudi Arabian culture. Moreover, nudity is a taboo because it demeans the dignity of human beings. Concerning food, Wang (2008) states that the Saudi Arabian culture regard eating of pork and drinking of alcohol as taboos. Hence, basing on these few taboos, one needs to understand their relevance in the Saudi Arabian culture. Saudi Arabian culture restricts gestures that people use. For example, the culture does not allow men and women to have direct eye contact because it encourages promiscuo us behavior. Moreover, the Saudi Arabian culture does not allow men and women to interact freely to prevent sexual temptation.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, women and men do not hug or hold one another in a suggestive manner, unless they are married couples (Center for Intercultural Learning, 2009). Hence, foreigners should be cautious when using gestures in Saudi Arabia because some gestures are offensive to Arabs. Important Events in History Mecca and Medina are historical places that tourists must visit in Saudi Arabia because they are sacred places that have significant importance to the Saudi Arabian culture. Soharwardy (2012) states Mecca and Medina are sacred sanctuaries where Muslims across the world visit during their pilgrimage. As Muslims mark Ramadan and Hajj, they visit pilgrim sites where they worship and celebrate their religious festivities. Mecca Medina Conclusion Saudi Arabian culture is a culture that has dominant beliefs, values, norms, and traditions that reflect Islamic culture. In this view, observation of Islamic beliefs, norms, values, and traditions enables people to understand the Saudi Arabian culture a nd adopt it. Islamic religion defines family structure, marriage, dress code, superstitions, taboos, food, gestures, and social interaction. Hence, foreigners need to adhere to Islamic beliefs, norms, values, and traditions while in Saudi Arabia to prevent occurrence of intercultural conflicts. References Andersen, M., Taylor, H. (2011). Sociology: The essentials (7th ed.). New York: Cengage Learning. Aziz, R. (2010). Hijab-The Islamic dress code: Its historical development, evidence from  scared sources and views of selected Muslim scholars. Web. Bowen, W. (2008). The history of Saudi Arabia. London: Greenwood Publishing Group. Center for Intercultural Learning (2009). Cultural information: Saudi Arabia. Web. Hefner, R., Zaman, M. (2010). Schooling Islam: the culture and politics of modern  Muslim education. New York: Princeton University Press. Norris, P., Inglehart, R. (2012). Muslim integration into Western cultures. Political  Studies, 60(1), 228-251. Sabry, T. (2012). Arab cultural studies: Mapping the field. London: I.B. Tauris. Sikhism, I. (2013). ‘Superstitious’ Hadiths Explained. Web. Soharwardy, S. (2012). Makkah and Madinah. Web. Wang, H. (2008). Communication with Saudis. Asian Social Science, 4(11), 124-130. This essay on Saudi Arabian Culture was written and submitted by user Devin Mitchell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A latent infection Essays

A latent infection Essays A latent infection Essay A latent infection Essay A latent infection refers to an infective agent, in this instance a virus, staying in an inactive or hibernating province [ I ] . This can happen in both DNA and RNA viruses, including Herpes Simplex virus and HIV. The virus life rhythm includes two parts, the lytic and lysogenic rhythm. Latent infections come under the lysogenic rhythm. This latent phase is utile in hedging an immune response so the virus lasts for a longer clip within the host cell. The lytic rhythm is the chief rhythm where reproduction occurs and is shown below in diagram 1. The first phase is attachment where the virus attaches to the host cell via a receptor. The viral nucleic acid is either injected into the cell through incursion or the whole virus atom is taken up by endocytosis. If the virus was taken up in this manner it now needs to be uncoated so the viral nucleic acid is exposed in the cytol of the host cell. The following phase is cistron look and the control of cistron look determines the overall class of a virus infection ( acute, chronic, relentless or latent ) ( Principles of Molecular Virology, 4th edition, Alan J. Cann, 2005 ) . Depending on the type of nucleic acid, DNA or RNA, look and reproduction of the cistron can take topographic point in the cytol or the karyon of the host cell. Assembly so takes topographic point to acquire all the constituents necessary to do a new virion together and they are packaged into membranes and envelopes. This is known as the ripening procedure and is the point when the virus becomes infective. Replication occurs rapidly and so many mature virions are made, that they are released from the host cell through lysis of the cell wall. The virions can now reiterate this procedure on another host cell to distribute the infection. Diagram 1 the lytic and lysogenic rhythms: Viral DNA/RNA is incorporated into the host genome in the lysogenic rhythm besides shown in diagram 1. The host genome is now termed a prophage and the viral nucleic acid replicates as a portion of the host cell and can be passed onto girl cells. No new virions are made in this rhythm and there are no symptoms from the infection. The viral nucleic acid can stay in the lysogenic rhythm for a long clip but if the prophage is triggered by emphasis or UV visible radiation, the rhythm can return back to the lytic rhythm where new viral offspring is formed. Viral latency is portion of the lysogenic component of the virus life rhythm. Gene look is down regulated so, in this latent province, the virus is non being replicated ( Janeway s Immunobiology, 7th edition, Murphy et Al, 2008 ) . The viral nucleic acid is integrated into the host genome and replicates with the host genome but no new viral proteins are being made. This happens at a point after the initial infection with the virus. There is no disease nowadays in this phase but the virus has non been eradicated. The virus can be reactivated from a latent province to a lytic province due to a figure of factors. These include emphasis, sunlight or hormonal alterations. A reversion to the lytic phase of the life rhythm consequences in viral proteins being made and the infection returning, but perchance in a different look compared to the initial infection. The latent province is maintained by the written text of certain cistrons, either maintaining the virus in the latent province or returning it back to the lytic. The forms of the latent phase can be studied utilizing bacteriophage lambda as it does non do disease. Diagram 2 below shows in graph signifier how the virus can travel in and out of a latent province over clip. Diagram 2 latency graph demoing viral burden vs. clip The virus in the latent phase does non bring forth any proteins, which makes it undetectable to the immune system as there are no sensing markers. The virus can besides conceal in cells that do non split, for illustration in some cells of the immune system. The virus does non acquire broken down or engulfed by macrophages as it has become portion of the host cell. The latent phase is a good manner of lasting in a host cell in order to reinfect the host subsequently on. It can so besides spread to other host cells, advancing drawn-out endurance and perennial infection. In a productive infection, the lytic rhythm is activated and viral proteins are made. This is different to the latent phase. The virus would merely last for a certain period of clip in a productive infection until it was eliminated from the host. Herpesviruses do latent infections in many different carnal species ( Introduction to Modern Virology, 6th edition, Dimmock et Al, 2007 ) . Herpesviruses can do different sorts of diseases, for illustration, poulet syphilis, the Herpes Simplex Virus and the Epstein-Barr virus. The Herpes Simplex Virus or HSV has many types, which include Type 1, associated with cold sores around the oral cavity and Type 2 with venereal herpes. Once infected with the HSV virus, it infects the mucose membranes around the oral cavity. The viral DNA of HSV1 so integrates into the host genome in nervus cells called nervous ganglion [ two ] . Viral look is restricted during the latent phase, so no viral offspring is formed. The virus can be in the latent phase and remain in the organic structure for the remainder of its life, perchance repeating at different phases. If the virus is reactivated from the latent phase, it goes into the lytic phase and replicates to organize new viral offspring, which reinfects the mucose membranes of the oral cavity. The new infection can besides look as a signifier of herpes zosters after reactivation. The latent phase of HSV1 has no effects on the host and no symptoms are produced from it unless reactivated into the lytic rhythm. Factors that affect the reactivation of HSV1 include other unwellnesss, for illustration a cold, sing nerve-racking state of affairss either emotionally or physically an d hurts. Within the nervous cells, in the latent phase, RNA sequences are expressed called Latency-associated Transcripts ( LATs ) . There are tonss of LATs and they modify procedures within the host cell so it is non removed by the immune system. This is the merely active portion of the virus during the latent phase and they help keep latency within the cell. LATs are besides required for reactivation. The Epstein-Barr virus or HHV-4 virus is besides portion of the herpes virus household. Peoples infected with the Epstein-Barr virus are frequently symptomless for most of their lives. If the infection arises in a kid, there is an acute infection. However, if the infection arises in an grownup, it can do glandular febrility. Symptoms include a sore pharynx, conceited secretory organs and a febrility [ three ] . The infection starts in the salivary secretory organ and can hence be dispersed direct contact with the septic spit, for illustration, through caressing. It lasts for around 2-3 hebdomads but after that clip, there are no longer symptoms and the virus remains latent in resting, memory B lymphocytes [ four ] . When the B cells are infected with EBV, they proliferate and T cells are recruited to acquire rid of septic B cells. Reactivation of the EBV virus frequently causes a subclinical infection but can besides do malignant neoplastic diseases, like Burkitt s lymphoma, largely found in Africa or B cell lymphoma. When the virus is in a latent province the cistrons are expressed in the round signifier of an episome, instead than a additive signifier in the lytic province. Upto nine viral proteins are expressed in the latent province which is a little sum compared to the viral proteins produced in the lytic province. These specific proteins help to keep the latent province. These include six Epstein-Barr atomic antigens ( EBNAs ) and three latent membrane proteins ( LMPs ) [ 5 ] . EBNA-1 is the lone one of these proteins which is necessary for DNA reproduction and the others are used in cell procedures like cell signalling. EBNA-1 is besides the lone antigen nowadays in Burkitt s lymphoma and T cells ca nt adhere with it, so ca nt acquire rid of the septic cell. Human Immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) is a RNA retrovirus, which causes AIDS. AIDS is a status where the immune system has been degraded so much that it can no longer contend against infection. HIV contains 2 RNA strands and is covered by a protein coat. When HIV infects a cell, rearward RNA polymerase is used to change over its RNA into DNA so that reproduction can happen within the host. After infection, the virus either replicates quickly to infect other cells or goes into the latent province in CD4+ T lymphocytes. HIV is known as a slow virus which means it takes a long clip to bring forth symptoms, frequently taking to a late diagnosing of the disease. An infection with HIV causes flu like symptoms at first, before going symptomless and traveling into a clinically latent stage. In this stage there is still reproduction of the HIV virus in some cells but some of the virus has gone into a latent province, which means some of the virus is active and some is inactive. The clinical la tency phase varies in length from hebdomads to old ages and the virus can still be passed on to other people as the retroflexing virus is besides present. CD8 T cells are responsible for the diminution of the virus but they can non extinguish the virus. Peoples with the HIV virus carry the disease for the remainder of their lives. Anti-retroviral drugs and chemotherapy can non acquire rid of the virus from the latent phase, so even if the activated virus was eliminated, the virus can still re-emerge. The latent virus can be reactivated but the specific grounds for this happening are non known. Reactivation of the virus from the latent phase, consequences in more serious symptoms developing and leads to the oncoming of AIDS. To reason, latent infections are another manner that certain viruses can hedge the immune responses of the host. The virus can either conceal in cells in certain tissues like the Herpes Simplex Virus or conceal in B cells of the immune system like the Epstein-Barr virus. HIV is a RNA virus that prolongs the life of the virus by concealing in CD4+ cells. All these viruses can be reactivated to do a ulterior infection. Often the reverting infection is acute but sometimes more serious infections arise for illustration malignant neoplastic diseases like Burkitt s lymphoma upon reactivation of the EBV virus. The latency phase is a clever technique of the virus to remain in the host for a longer period of clip. hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary.reference.com/browse/latent Latent Viruss and Diseases from World of Microbiology and Immunology. Â ©2005-2006 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/ebv.htm Introduction to Modern Virology, 6th edition, Dimmock et Al, 2007 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.science.org.au/nova/026/026key.htm

4 MAT Review on The Life You've Always Wanted by Ortberg Essay

4 MAT Review on The Life You've Always Wanted by Ortberg - Essay Example I will be with you.† God will not stop at repairing our brokenness but go on to make us new again. True transformation means loving God and people more and more. If we are to achieve that, we must not be content with trying hard at it, but commit to a life of training for it. That entails real discipline. Spiritual discipline is any activity that can help us gain power to live life as Jesus taught and modeled it. It may be through prayer, solitude, work, worship, suffering or even play and celebration. Those training hard to be spiritually transformed must not focus on boundaries – judging others as being less than they are. That is pseudo-transformation. They must always remember to be like Jesus, as he does not focus on boundaries, but instead, focuses on the center of spirituality which is love for God and people. The reward of training to achieve a transformed spiritual life is a well-ordered heart which increasingly desires to avoid sin to be totally close to God and to never be outside His circle of blessings. Indeed, such is the heart of a person living the life we’ve always wanted. Back when I was a lot younger, a friend of mine decided to join a Christian Singles Group. She had the time of her life, always fired up for their weekly meetings and bible discussions. She looked forward to all the fellowship activities. She kept inviting me to join her and share the joy she experienced being part of the group. Somehow, I managed to avoid saying â€Å"yes†, as I reasoned I had too much to do. Exasperated at my dodging, she said something that really hit home. â€Å"It’s hard for me to be in this position where I am advancing in my spirituality while you are being left behind.† I didn’t know exactly how I felt about what she said. It seemed like a multi-edged sword of sympathy, compassion, concern, pity, criticism, insult that was driven deep in my

LAW OF EQUITY & TRUSTS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

LAW OF EQUITY & TRUSTS - Essay Example The legal and equitable estates had not been divided prior to the making of the security agreement.† 2 This qualifies the applicability of the requirement established in the law. Moreover it has been contended that The underlying policy was to :- a. prevent fraud by prohibiting oral hidden transfers of equitable interests under trusts and b. assist trustees by enabling them to identify the whereabouts of the equitable interest subsisting under a trust. 3 This indicates that even civil interactions among citizens state policy is to prevent prejudice, injury and fraud. That is made manifest by the measures embodied in law. It is the policy of the state that even in private transaction rights of citizens is upheld and propensity for the travesty against rights is extensively limited. Lord Radcliffe in Grey v Inland Revenue Commissioners [1960] AC 1 did suggest that ‘there is warrant for saying that a direction to his trustee by the equitable owner of trust property prescribing new trusts of that property was a declaration of trust’, but even if that were the case, his Lordship observed that the direction might nevertheless be a disposition falling within s. 53(1)(c) (and thus in need of written form) if ‘the effect of it was to determine completely or pro tanto the subsisting equitable interest of the maker of the direction’.4 This implies that as the controlling doctrine provides that the meaning of the provision is clear. Written proof is necessary to establish a transfer of equitable interest. Moreover, this is the case, even if there already is a relationship wherein the transfer has been had. Absence of written proof or documentation to this effect shall be construed as the absence of a valid and legal transfer. As to whether the direction to the bank had been void for lack of written formality, the House of Lords held that s. 53(1)(c) only applied to cases where the equitable interest in